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Color fastness includes light fastness, soaping fastness, perspiration fastness, rubbing fastness, sublimation fastness, ironing fastness, etc. These fastnesses are mainly related to dye structure properties, but also with fiber and dye concentration. Dyeing and finishing processes, external conditions, etc. are closely related, so whether the color fastness is up to standard, the key is to choose dyes, followed by dyeing process and the application of additives.
When the dyeing process is formulated, it must be reasonably determined according to the dyes, fibers and customer indexes, so that the dyes can be dyed as firmly as possible under the conditions of the additives, so that the fibers are fully fixed. For the additives, one is to select A good leveling agent and a dyeing agent make the dye slow, uniform and fully dyed with fibers; the second is to add a chelating agent to overcome the complexation of the dye with the metal ions in the water to form a floating color, and reduce the hydrolysis of the dye in water; The third is to choose an excellent soaping agent, to remove the floating color, and to prevent the floating color from re-staining the fabric; the fourth is to choose an appropriate fixing agent, and currently there is no ideal fixing agent for sublimation fastness and light fastness. It has excellent fixing agent for various indexes such as soaping fastness, perspiration fastness and rubbing fastness.
The brittleness is manifested as a strong decrease. In addition to the causes of brittleness or even holes caused by improper oxygen bleaching, the brittleness caused by the dyeing stage generally has two reasons. One is the photosensitive brittleness caused by the dye such as sulfur black. Loss, need to use anti-brittle agent to improve, as well as strong reducing agent and strong oxidant such as vat dyeing, the brittleness of the fiber; second, the dyeing stage or neutralization stage of the acid is not appropriate, the neutralization of the general acid is glacial acetic acid However, some alternative acids are currently available on the market. Some of these alternative acids are organic buffer acids like BASF. They do not contain strong inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid. Their properties are even better than that of acetic acid. The organic acid of Ningbo Huake Textile Auxiliary. The same is true, these buffer acids can also improve some of the drawbacks of glacial acetic acid (such as glacial acetic acid in winter, inconvenient, irritating, residual sour taste, combined with metal ions (such as Ca2+, Mg2+) in water and left on the fabric to cause color fading Dark, etc.) Some substitute acids containing H2S04, HCl, H3P04, etc., not only cause dyeing and color change, but also have corrosive effects on dyeing and finishing equipment and pumps, and the acid residue after neutralization also causes the fabric to be brittle under acidic conditions.
The main reasons for the occurrence are equipment reasons, the reasons for the amount of cloth loading, the reason of the bath ratio and the operation of the processing technology. The equipment is different, such as the amount of cloth installed, the pressure and friction between the cloth and the cloth, the pumping force and the strength. It affects the flatness of the fabric surface, and the bath ratio also affects the flatness of the cloth surface. In the process operation, too much auxiliary foam causes the fabric to float and the temperature rise and cool down during the process operation will cause fineness and sudden heat. Wrinkle phenomenon. The current bath lubrication lubricious anti-wrinkle agent, bath treasure, bath softener can improve the phenomenon of fine wrinkles, but if the equipment is not improved, the process control is not good, the lubricant can not completely avoid the fine wrinkles produced.
Wind printing has little to do with additives. The key is the performance of the dye itself (acid and alkali resistance) and the acidity and alkalinity of the fabric, the humidity of the air and the acid gas, such as the light-resistant chlorophyll GC and the frozen yellow in the direct dye. G and so on are prone to wind and rain, active in the Cuilan KN-G, Yan Orange X-GN and other sensitive to acid and alkali are also easy to produce wind printing, disperse dyes such as yellow RGFL sensitive to alkali, but also easy to produce wind For the additives, the neutralization must be done so that the cloth surface is as PH=7 as much as possible. Therefore, we must also pay attention to the acid and alkali varieties during neutralization. The acid should use glacial acetic acid or organic substitute acid as much as possible. Never use a substitute acid containing strong inorganic acid such as H2S04 or HCl. The choice of alkali should also be moderated as much as possible. .
Color flower is the most common and most common quality problem in dyeing process. The reasons are:
1 Process development and operation problems: unreasonable process or improper operation produces color flowers;
2 equipment problems: such as disperse dye dyed polyester after the heat setting machine oven temperature is not easy to produce color difference color flower, rope dyeing machine pumping power is also easy to cause color flowers.
3 Dye problem: the dye is easy to aggregate, the solubility is poor, the compatibility is not good, and it is easy to produce color and color difference when it is too sensitive to temperature and PH. For example, active Cuilan KN-R is easy to produce color flowers.
4 Water quality problems: Poor water quality, resulting in the combination of dyes and metal ions or dyes and impurities to cause color, color and color are not attached.
5 Auxiliary issues:
Among the auxiliaries, the auxiliaries related to coloring are mainly penetrants, leveling agents, chelating dispersants, pH control agents, and the like. The penetrating agent has insufficient penetrating power, which is easy to cause uneven penetration of dyeing liquid, such as loose cotton dyeing, cheese dyeing, heavy fabric dyeing, and the role of penetrant can not be ignored. Some plant penetrants only believe in authentic JFC, but It is not considered that the cloud point of JFC is only 38 to 42 ° C. When it exceeds 42 ° C, its penetration force will not be exerted, which will cause quality problems. The leveling agent is used for polyester, cotton, wool nylon and acrylic fiber. The quality is uneven. The leveling agent must take into account the dispersing and solubilizing effect of the dye, slow dyeing and dyeing, and help the osmosis. Even for the complexation of metal ions in water, and must take into account the factors such as the applicability of PH, foam, etc., the leveling agent is indispensable for improving the color, color point, etc. The leveling agent of the plant is only a solution of the diffusing agent N, but it is not thought that the diffusing agent N is greatly reduced in its anti-dye coagulation at high temperatures. Some factories use non-ionic surfactants, which are not suitable, resulting in the precipitation of non-ionic surfactants above the cloud point. The adsorption of dyes into tar-like substances is on the fabric equipment, which causes quality problems. The quality of the chelating dispersant is also related to the leveling problem. At present, when the water quality is getting worse, the chelating dispersing agent should pay more attention to the leveling. The PH control problem is a problem that the factories do not pay much attention to. Some plants have different PH values ​​for dyeing per cylinder. In addition, some plants use different substitute acids, such as phosphoric acid and phosphoric acid. There are differences, how can we control the uniform PH value? Some factories use PH slip agents, but do not grasp the relationship between temperature and time and the pH value generated by the slip agent. PH control is impossible to talk about, so the color flower, The phenomenon of chromatic aberration is constantly occurring.
There are many reasons for the color point, such as white spots, which may be the reason why the immature cotton does not dye the dye, or it may be that the solid such as soda ash is stained on the cloth to cause local staining. The main reasons for the color point are:
1 improper dye selection: the dye particles are too large or easily condensed into color points;
2 poor dye dissolution: the undissolved dye enters the dyeing solution and stains the fabric to a color point;
3 Poor water quality: poor water quality causes dye condensation:
4 The equipment is not clean: the tar of the dyeing tank is dropped to cause a color point;
5 Auxiliary reasons: Additives added during dyeing sometimes cause the dye to agglomerate and produce color points; too much auxiliary foam, foam and dye combined into colored foam, stained with fabric to form color point; additive precipitated with dye On the fabric and equipment, the agglomerates on the equipment will turn on the fabric to create a color point.
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